体察：考查，观察。考察民间生活生产情况

be aware of public sentiments

事情危险得像堆起来的蛋一样。形容形势极端危险。

in a critical moment

险阻：危险和障碍。前进道路上的困难、危险和障碍。

Perils and difficulties

耗费气力和心思。

Exerting effort and worrying

均：平均。贫穷和富裕很不平均

too much difference between the rich and the poor

风口处吃饭，雨地里住宿。形容生活飘泊不定。

Lie in rain, dine in wind

饱食：吃得饱；暖衣：穿得暖。形容生活宽裕，衣食丰足。

have ample food and clothing be in good keep

旧时形容有钱有势。

riches honor and splendor

百姓安居，年成很好。

The people are harmonious and the harvest is plentiful

各种各样的艰难困苦。

Countless hardships and trials

鲜：有光彩的。穿的是华丽的衣服，吃的是美味的食品。形容生活优裕。

be well-off (beautiful clothes and good food)

仆仆：行路劳累的样子；风尘：指行旅，含有辛苦之意。形容奔波忙碌，旅途劳累。

have endured the hardships of a long journey

贫穷和疾病一起压在身上。

be plagued by poverty and ill health

到一个地方就按照这一个地方的风俗习惯生活。也比喻到什么地方都能适应。

do as the Romans do when in Rome

称颂人福气大，与天相齐。

Great Heavenly Fortune

像在醉梦中那样昏昏沉沉度日。形容生活目的不明确，糊里糊涂。

Dead drunk, dreaming alive

比喻人穷志短。

Thin horse, long hair

形容困难和危险极多。

innumerable hazards and hardships

指有才能者境遇反而不好。

All sorts of cleverness, countless hardships

周济老人，怜惜穷人。

Care for the elderly and pity the poor