宜：应该；鉴：镜子。观察当今的社会，应以古代为镜子加以借鉴。

Observe the present by learning from the past

引：迁延。历时长久。同“旷日引久”。

Time-consuming

青州：古代州名，在今山东东部；从事：古代官名。好酒的代称。

be good wine fine wine topgrade spirit

指时间永远流逝。

Passersby for a hundred generations

此：这；彼：那。那是一个时候，现在又是一个时候。表示时间不同，情况有了变化。

this is one situation and that was another

树长得再高，落叶还是要回到树根。比喻离开故土时间再长，最后还是要回归故土。

a tree may grow a thousand zhang high, but its leaves fall back to the roots a person residing away from home eventually returns to his native soil

砺：磨刀石；山：泰山；带：衣带；河：黄河。黄河细得象条衣带，泰山小得象块磨刀石。比喻时间久远，任何动荡也决不变心。

Sharpen mountains and gird rivers

如云聚合，如影随形。比喻声势浩大，响应迅速。

Clouds gather with followers

强行脱去衣服，捆绑并吊起来拷打。同“绷扒吊拷”。

Bind tightly and hang to interrogate

形容能迅速地接受别人的好意见。同“从善如流”。

Following goodness like flowing water

指平庸之辈；普通人才。

Common people approach tools

从今天的现实回忆过去的事。

Feelings of past and present

快提就像雷鸣闪电。形容形势发展很迅速。

Swift as thunder and lightning

比喻跟祸事最接近的人首先遭殃。

The nearest to the flames is the first burned

指迅速灭亡。不旋踵，来不及转脚跟。形容时间极短。

Do not retreat at all

指很短的时间。

a short time a little while

日月流逝。指光阴不待人。

Sun and moon disappear

指人之意气相投，相知无须时日长久。亦指时间短暂。

Mulberry shade will not move

从今到古无所不谈，无不评论。形容话题广泛。同“说古谈今”。

discourse at random of things past and present talk over past and presnt

被发：散发；文身：身上刺花纹。原指古代吴越一代的风俗。后也用以泛指未开化地带的风俗。

Letting hair down and tattooing the body