指在敌方兵临城下时被迫签订的屈服的和约。

terms accepted under duress

喧：声音大。锣鼓震天响。原指作战时敲锣击鼓指挥进退。后多形容喜庆、欢乐的景象。

shivaree

枕着兵器，等待天亮。形容杀敌报国心切。同“枕戈待旦”。

Lying in wait with weapons

腹：指前面；背：指后面。前后受到敌人的夹攻。

be attacked front and rear

守望：防守了望。为了对付来犯的敌人或意外的灾祸，邻近各村落互相警戒，互相援助。

give mutual help and protection

丢掉盔甲，拖着武器。形容打败仗狼狈逃跑的样子。

throw away their armour and trail weapons behind them

营：军营，军队驻扎的地方。劫：强夺。寨：防守用的栅栏，引申为军营。偷袭敌方的营寨。

attack a camp by surprise attack the enedmy secretly launch an attack on a camp by surprise

尸体到处横着。形容死者极多。

field littered with corpses

盔、甲：头盔和铠甲。跑得连盔甲都丢了。形容打败仗后逃跑的狼狈相。

flee helter-skelter

联络距离远的国家，进攻邻近的国家。这是战国时秦国采取的一种外资策略。后也指待人处世的一种手段。

attack neighbouring countries and maintain friendly relations with more distant nations

屡：多次。多次打仗多次失败。

have suffered repeated defeats

指作战时的自然气候条件，地理环境和人心的向背。

favourable climate and geographical position and support of the people/of favourable climate and geographical position

形容态度坚定，不可动摇。也形容严格遵守规定，决不变更。

(of an arrangement) not to be altered under any circumstances/go about things steadily

矢石：箭和礧石，古代作战的武器。难：不幸的遭遇。指战争中的危难。

Difficulty of arrows and stones

过了五个关口，斩了六员大将。比喻英勇无比。也比喻克服重重困难。

force five passes and slay six captains

获：擒获俘虏，夺取敌方辎重；全：完全。形容获得完全的胜利。

every thing before one

比喻指任命将帅以及其他主持工作的首脑人物。

Climbing the altar and appointing generals

指避开敌人的主力，找敌人的弱点进攻。又指谈问题回避要害。

stay clear of the enemys main force and strike at his weak points

旧指天上的军队和将领。也比喻本领高强的人们。

divine troops descending from Heaven

用战争消灭战争。

Fight or Avoid Fighting in Battle